Whose
Meet the people and stories behind the greatest achievements.
243 questionsWhose theory was E=mc²?
Albert Einstein derived E=mc² in 1905 as part of his Special Theory of Relativity. The equation means a tiny amount of mass contains enormous energy — forming the basis of nuclear physics.
Whose voice carries the farthest naturally?
The Silbo Gomero — a whistled language from La Gomera, Canary Islands — can carry up to 5 km across deep ravines. It's a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage and is still taught in local schools.
Whose footprints are still on the Moon?
Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin's footprints from the 1969 Apollo 11 landing remain on the Moon. With no wind or water erosion, they could last over a million years — disturbed only by micrometeorites.
Whose genome was first sequenced?
The Human Genome Project (completed 2003) and Craig Venter's parallel effort decoded the human genome. It cost $2.7 billion and took 13 years. Today, sequencing a genome costs about $100 and takes hours.
Whose paintings are the most expensive ever sold?
Leonardo da Vinci's "Salvator Mundi" holds the record at $450.3 million (2017 auction). Other top sales include de Kooning's "Interchange" ($300M) and Cézanne's "The Card Players" ($250M).
Whose invention is the telephone?
Alexander Graham Bell received the patent for the telephone on March 7, 1876 — beating Elisha Gray's application by mere hours. His first words transmitted were: "Mr. Watson, come here — I want to see you."
Whose reign was the longest in history?
Louis XIV of France reigned for 72 years and 110 days (1643–1715), the longest verified reign of any sovereign monarch in history. He became king at age 4.
Whose works make up the most translated books?
The Bible is the most translated book in history, available in over 700 languages (complete) and 3,589 languages (partial translations). After religious texts, Pinocchio and The Little Prince are among the most translated.
Whose discovery of penicillin changed medicine?
Scottish scientist Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928, the world first true antibiotic, after noticing mold killing bacteria in a petri dish.
Whose discovery revealed the structure of DNA?
James Watson and Francis Crick described DNA's double helix in 1953, crucially aided by Rosalind Franklin's X-ray images.
Whose laws govern motion and gravity?
Isaac Newton formulated the three laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation, laying the foundation of classical physics in 1687.
Whose vaccine helped defeat smallpox?
Edward Jenner created the first vaccine in 1796, using cowpox to protect against smallpox. Smallpox was declared eradicated worldwide in 1980.
Whose telescope changed astronomy forever?
Galileo Galilei used an improved telescope in 1609–1610 to discover Jupiter's moons and mountains on the Moon, revolutionizing our view of the cosmos.
Whose work cracked the Enigma code?
Alan Turing led efforts at Britain's Bletchley Park to break Nazi Germany's Enigma cipher in WWII, helping shorten the war and founding computer science.
Whose inventions helped electrify the world?
Thomas Edison developed a practical light bulb and power systems, while Nikola Tesla pioneered the alternating current (AC) that powers modern grids.
Whose equations describe electromagnetism?
Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell unified electricity, magnetism, and light into four elegant equations in the 1860s — a foundation of modern physics.
Whose expedition first sailed around the world?
Ferdinand Magellan launched the first voyage to circumnavigate the globe in 1519. He died en route, and Juan Sebastián Elcano completed it in 1522.
Whose research on radioactivity won two Nobel Prizes?
Marie Curie pioneered research on radioactivity, discovered polonium and radium, and became the first person to win Nobel Prizes in two different sciences.
Whose theory first explained gravity?
Isaac Newton first described gravity mathematically in 1687, showing that the same force pulls apples down and holds the Moon in orbit.
Whose airplane first achieved powered flight?
The Wright brothers, Orville and Wilbur, made the first sustained powered flight in 1903 at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.
Whose light bulb lit the world?
Thomas Edison developed the first commercially practical incandescent light bulb in 1879, though many inventors contributed to the idea.
Whose discovery revealed radioactivity?
Henri Becquerel discovered radioactivity in 1896, and Marie and Pierre Curie went on to explain and expand the field.
Whose printing press spread knowledge across Europe?
Johannes Gutenberg introduced movable-type printing to Europe around 1440, making books affordable and fuelling mass literacy.
Whose theory of relativity reshaped physics?
Albert Einstein transformed physics with his theories of special relativity in 1905 and general relativity in 1915.
Whose voyage brought Europe into contact with the Americas?
Christopher Columbus 1492 voyage across the Atlantic opened lasting contact between Europe and the Americas.
Whose ideas laid the foundations of computing?
Charles Babbage designed early mechanical computers, and Ada Lovelace wrote what is often called the first computer program.
Whose vaccine helped defeat polio?
Jonas Salk developed the first effective polio vaccine in 1955, and Albert Sabin later created an oral version.
Whose model showed the Earth orbits the Sun?
Nicolaus Copernicus proposed that the Earth orbits the Sun in 1543, overturning the ancient Earth-centred view of the cosmos.
Whose telephone connected the world?
Alexander Graham Bell patented the telephone in 1876 and made the first phone call, transforming human communication.
Whose work revealed the double helix of DNA?
James Watson and Francis Crick described DNA double helix in 1953, drawing crucially on Rosalind Franklin X-ray images.
Whose leadership helped end apartheid?
Nelson Mandela led the struggle against apartheid in South Africa and became its first democratically elected president in 1994.
Whose theory explained evolution by natural selection?
Charles Darwin explained evolution by natural selection in his 1859 book On the Origin of Species.
Whose work founded modern nursing?
Florence Nightingale founded modern nursing during the Crimean War, proving that hygiene dramatically cut death rates.
Whose Art Started the Renaissance?
Giotto di Bondone is often credited with sparking the Renaissance in art by introducing naturalism and emotional depth in the early 1300s.
Whose Music Defined the Classical Era?
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is one of the defining composers of the Classical era, producing over 600 works in 35 short years.
Whose Discovery Was X-Rays?
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen discovered X-rays on 8 November 1895 while experimenting with cathode rays in his laboratory.
Whose Philosophy Shaped Western Thought?
Aristotle philosophy profoundly shaped Western thought across logic, science, ethics, and politics for over 2,000 years.
Whose Expedition Reached the South Pole First?
Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen and his team reached the South Pole first, on 14 December 1911.
Whose Code Created the World Wide Web?
Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1989 while working at CERN in Switzerland.
Whose Mathematics Described Geometry?
Euclid, writing around 300 BC, created the definitive geometry textbook — the Elements — used for over 2,000 years.
Whose Research Unlocked the Atom?
Ernest Rutherford discovered the atomic nucleus in 1911 through his famous gold-foil experiment, earning the title "father of nuclear physics."
Whose Map Charted the World?
Gerardus Mercator created the Mercator projection in 1569, which became the standard world map for navigation.
Whose Vaccine Fights Rabies?
Louis Pasteur developed the first rabies vaccine and successfully used it on a human patient in 1885.
Whose Plays Shaped English Literature?
William Shakespeare wrote 37-39 plays and 154 sonnets that profoundly shaped the English language and world literature.
Whose Spaceflight Was First?
Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human in space on 12 April 1961 aboard Vostok 1.
Whose Photography Documented Nature?
Ansel Adams is renowned for his iconic black-and-white photographs of the American West, which helped inspire the conservation movement.
Whose Revolution Transformed Agriculture?
Norman Borlaug "Green Revolution" in the 1960s-70s introduced high-yield crop varieties that saved an estimated one billion lives from famine.
Whose Encryption Secures the Internet?
The RSA algorithm, created by Rivest, Shamir, and Adleman in 1977, became the foundation of internet encryption and secure communication.
Whose Architecture Inspired the World?
Antoni Gaudí visionary organic architecture in Barcelona, including the Sagrada Família, redefined what buildings could be.
Whose Civil Rights Leadership Changed America?
Martin Luther King Jr. led the American civil rights movement through nonviolent protest, culminating in landmark legislation against racial segregation.
Whose Invention Was the Steam Engine?
James Watt dramatically improved the steam engine in the 1760s-70s, making it the driving force of the Industrial Revolution.
Whose Microscope Revealed Cells?
Robert Hooke first described cells in 1665 using a compound microscope, while Antonie van Leeuwenhoek discovered microorganisms with his superior single-lens instruments.
Whose Nonviolence Freed India?
Mahatma Gandhi led India independence movement through nonviolent civil disobedience, achieving freedom from British rule in 1947.
Whose Symphony Was Composed While Deaf?
Ludwig van Beethoven composed his Ninth Symphony ("Ode to Joy") while nearly completely deaf, premiering it in 1824.
Whose Periodic Table Organised the Elements?
Dmitri Mendeleev published the first widely accepted periodic table in 1869, organising elements by atomic weight and predicting missing ones.
Whose Code of Laws Was the First?
The Code of Hammurabi (c. 1754 BC) is the best-preserved ancient law code, though earlier codes from Ur-Nammu (c. 2100 BC) exist.
Whose Invention Was the Radio?
Guglielmo Marconi is credited with developing practical radio communication, sending the first transatlantic wireless signal in 1901.
Whose Voyages Mapped the Pacific?
Captain James Cook three Pacific voyages (1768-1779) produced the most comprehensive maps of the Pacific Ocean, Australia, and New Zealand.
Whose Analysis Broke German Codes in WWII?
Alan Turing work at Bletchley Park was critical to breaking the Enigma cipher, shortening World War II by an estimated 2 years.
Whose Novels Pioneered Science Fiction?
Jules Verne and H.G. Wells are considered the fathers of science fiction, with Verne emphasising scientific plausibility and Wells exploring social themes.
Whose Peace Prize Went to the Youngest Recipient?
Malala Yousafzai, at age 17, became the youngest Nobel Peace Prize laureate in 2014 for her advocacy for girls education.
Whose Theory Explained Continental Drift?
Alfred Wegener proposed the theory of continental drift in 1912, suggesting that continents were once joined and have since moved apart.
Whose Foundation Leads Global Health Efforts?
The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the world largest private charitable foundation, has invested over $50 billion in global health, education, and poverty reduction.
Whose Silk Road Travels Opened China to Europe?
Marco Polo journeys along the Silk Road (1271-1295) and his subsequent book, "The Travels of Marco Polo," gave Europeans their most detailed and influential account of China, Central Asia, and the Mongol Empire.
Whose Theory Predicted Gravitational Waves?
Albert Einstein predicted gravitational waves in 1916 as a consequence of his general theory of relativity — ripples in spacetime caused by accelerating massive objects, confirmed experimentally 100 years later by LIGO.
Whose Art Defined the Pop Art Movement?
Andy Warhol became the most iconic figure of Pop Art with works like "Campbell's Soup Cans" (1962) and Marilyn Monroe silkscreens, though Richard Hamilton, Roy Lichtenstein, and Jasper Johns were also foundational.
Whose Exploration Mapped the Amazon?
Alexander von Humboldt and Aime Bonpland explored and scientifically documented the Amazon and Orinoco basins (1799-1804), proving the Casiquiare canal connected the two river systems — transforming European understanding of South American geography.
Whose Discovery Launched the Antibiotic Era?
Alexander Fleming discovery of penicillin in 1928, combined with Howard Florey and Ernst Boris Chain work purifying and mass-producing it in the 1940s, launched the antibiotic era that has saved an estimated 200 million lives.
Whose Photography Changed War Reporting?
Robert Capa (born Endre Friedmann) transformed war photography through his raw, intimate images from five wars, including the iconic D-Day landing photographs, establishing the principle of "if your pictures aren't good enough, you're not close enough."
Whose Mathematics Founded Computer Science?
Alan Turing 1936 paper "On Computable Numbers" introduced the theoretical Turing machine and established the mathematical foundations of computer science, defining computability and its limits.
Whose Vaccine Eradicated Rinderpest?
Walter Plowright developed the tissue culture rinderpest vaccine (TCRV) in the 1960s that enabled the global eradication of rinderpest — the second disease (after smallpox) to be officially eradicated, declared in 2011.
Whose Expedition Found the Titanic?
Robert Ballard and Jean-Louis Michel led the expedition that discovered the wreck of the RMS Titanic on 1 September 1985, lying at a depth of about 3,800 metres in the North Atlantic.
Whose Invention Revolutionised Printing?
Johannes Gutenberg invention of the movable-type printing press around 1440 in Mainz, Germany, revolutionised the production of books and is widely considered the most important invention of the second millennium.
Whose Paintings Captured Water Lilies?
Claude Monet painted approximately 250 water lily paintings ("Nympheas") between 1896 and 1926, using his garden pond at Giverny as the subject — they are among the most recognised and valuable artworks in history.
Whose Research Proved Plate Tectonics?
While Alfred Wegener proposed continental drift in 1912, it was Harry Hess (seafloor spreading, 1962), Drummond Matthews and Fred Vine (magnetic striping, 1963), and J. Tuzo Wilson (transform faults, 1965) whose evidence finally proved plate tectonics.
Whose Civil Rights Act Transformed America?
President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 into law on 2 July 1964, but its passage was the result of decades of activism, particularly by Martin Luther King Jr. and the broader civil rights movement.
Whose Chemistry Created Dynamite?
Alfred Nobel invented dynamite in 1867 by stabilising nitroglycerin with diatomaceous earth, making explosives far safer to handle — and later used his fortune to establish the Nobel Prizes.
Whose Revolution Shaped Modern Turkey?
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk (1881-1938) founded the Republic of Turkey in 1923 from the ruins of the Ottoman Empire and implemented sweeping reforms — secularising the state, adopting the Latin alphabet, granting women voting rights, and modernising the legal and educational systems.
Whose Revolution in Genetics Created CRISPR?
Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier developed CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing in 2012, earning them the 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry — the technology allows scientists to precisely edit DNA in any organism with unprecedented ease and accuracy.
Whose Music Defined Jazz?
Louis Armstrong is widely regarded as the most influential figure in jazz history — his innovations in improvisation, trumpet technique, and vocal style in the 1920s-30s essentially defined the genre and influenced virtually every musician who followed.
Whose Telescope Discovered the Expanding Universe?
Edwin Hubble, using the 100-inch Hooker Telescope at Mount Wilson Observatory in California, discovered in 1929 that galaxies are moving away from us at speeds proportional to their distance — proving the universe is expanding.
Whose Campaign Saved the Ozone Layer?
Mario Molina and F. Sherwood Rowland 1974 research showed CFCs were destroying the ozone layer, leading to the 1987 Montreal Protocol — the most successful international environmental agreement in history.
Whose Architecture Defined Art Deco?
William Van Alen (Chrysler Building, 1930) and the firm of Shreve, Lamb & Harmon (Empire State Building, 1931) created the most iconic Art Deco skyscrapers, while the movement drew on designers like Emile-Jacques Ruhlmann and Tamara de Lempicka.
Whose Voyage First Reached Australia?
Dutch navigator Willem Janszoon made the first documented European landing in Australia in February 1606 on the western shore of Cape York Peninsula — 164 years before Captain James Cook charted the east coast.
Whose Psychology Founded Psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) founded psychoanalysis in the 1890s in Vienna, developing theories of the unconscious mind, dream interpretation, and the talking cure that profoundly influenced psychology, psychiatry, and Western culture.
Whose Leadership Shaped Modern Singapore?
Lee Kuan Yew served as Singapore first Prime Minister from 1959 to 1990, transforming it from a small, impoverished trading post into one of the world wealthiest, most efficient, and least corrupt nations in a single generation.
Whose Invention Was the World Wide Web?
Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1989 at CERN in Switzerland, creating HTML, URLs, and HTTP — and he made the technology freely available to everyone, rather than patenting it.
Whose Fossil Discoveries Proved Human Evolution in Africa?
The Leakey family — Louis, Mary, and Richard Leakey — made landmark fossil discoveries in East Africa from the 1940s onward that proved humans evolved in Africa, confirming Charles Darwin prediction.
Whose Expedition First Conquered Mount Everest?
Sir Edmund Hillary of New Zealand and Tenzing Norgay, a Nepali-Indian Sherpa, became the first confirmed people to reach the summit of Mount Everest (8,849 metres) on 29 May 1953, as part of a British expedition led by John Hunt.
Whose Economic Theory Shaped Modern Capitalism?
Adam Smith "The Wealth of Nations" (1776) laid the intellectual foundation of modern capitalism by arguing that free markets, guided by the "invisible hand" of self-interest, produce more wealth and better outcomes than government-directed economies.
Whose Engineering Built the Panama Canal?
The Panama Canal was completed in 1914 under the leadership of US Army Colonel George Washington Goethals, after a failed French attempt led by Ferdinand de Lesseps (who had built the Suez Canal) collapsed in 1889.
Whose Discovery Revealed the Structure of the Atom?
Ernest Rutherford gold foil experiment (1911) revealed that atoms have a tiny, dense, positively charged nucleus, overturning the "plum pudding" model and establishing the nuclear model of the atom.
Whose Philosophy Founded Existentialism?
Soren Kierkegaard (1813-1855) is considered the father of existentialism, though Jean-Paul Sartre popularised the term and the movement in the 1940s with his declaration that "existence precedes essence."
Whose face is on the US hundred-dollar bill?
Benjamin Franklin appears on the US hundred-dollar bill, though he was never president.
Whose theory was natural selection?
Charles Darwin proposed natural selection, with Alfred Russel Wallace independently reaching the same idea.
Whose invention was the telephone?
Alexander Graham Bell received the first telephone patent in 1876, amid rival claims.
Whose discovery was penicillin?
Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928 when mould killed bacteria in his lab.
Whose laws describe planetary motion?
Johannes Kepler formulated the three laws of planetary motion in the early 1600s.
Whose name is on the Celsius temperature scale?
The Celsius scale is named after Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius, who proposed it in 1742.
Whose code was broken at Bletchley Park?
Codebreakers at Bletchley Park broke Nazi Germanys Enigma cipher during the Second World War.
Whose painting is the Mona Lisa?
The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo da Vinci in the early 1500s.
Whose equation is E equals mc squared?
Albert Einstein derived E equals mc squared, showing mass and energy are equivalent.
Whose voyage first circumnavigated the globe?
Magellans expedition first sailed around the world, though he died before it finished.
Whose diary documented life hiding during the Holocaust?
Anne Franks diary recorded her years hiding from the Nazis in Amsterdam.
Whose experiments founded the science of genetics?
Gregor Mendel founded genetics through his pea-plant experiments in the 1800s.
Whose telescope observations supported heliocentrism?
Galileo Galileis telescope observations provided strong evidence that the Earth orbits the Sun.
Whose vaccine helped end smallpox?
Edward Jenner created the first smallpox vaccine in 1796 using cowpox.
Whose Ninth Symphony includes the Ode to Joy?
Beethovens Ninth Symphony features the Ode to Joy, composed while he was deaf.
Whose code was broken at Bletchley Park?
Codebreakers at Bletchley Park cracked the German Enigma and other cipher machines during the Second World War, with mathematician Alan Turing playing a leading role.
Whose experiment proved that lightning is electricity?
Benjamin Franklin is famous for demonstrating that lightning is a form of electricity, most notably through his proposed kite experiment in 1752.
Whose face is on the hundred dollar bill?
The face on the United States one hundred dollar bill is Benjamin Franklin, one of the Founding Fathers, even though he was never a president.
Whose idea was the World Wide Web?
The World Wide Web was invented by British computer scientist Tim Berners-Lee in 1989 while he was working at the CERN physics laboratory in Switzerland.
Whose invention was the light bulb?
Thomas Edison is most famous for developing the first commercially practical incandescent light bulb in 1879, though British inventor Joseph Swan created a similar bulb around the same time and many others contributed earlier.
Whose journey first reached the South Pole?
Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen led the first expedition to reach the South Pole, arriving on 14 December 1911, about five weeks ahead of a British team led by Robert Falcon Scott.
Whose law explains electrical resistance?
Ohm law, formulated by German physicist Georg Ohm in 1827, describes the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in an electrical circuit.
Whose laws of motion explain force?
Isaac Newton three laws of motion, published in 1687, describe how forces act on objects and form the foundation of classical mechanics.
Whose model placed the Sun at the center?
Nicolaus Copernicus proposed the heliocentric model in 1543, placing the Sun rather than the Earth at the centre of the known universe.
Whose periodic table organized the elements?
The Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev created the first widely recognised periodic table in 1869, arranging the elements by properties and even predicting undiscovered ones.
Whose ship first circumnavigated the globe?
The first circumnavigation of the globe was completed in 1522 by the ship Victoria, part of an expedition begun by Ferdinand Magellan and finished under Juan Sebastian Elcano after Magellan death.
Whose telescope discovered the moons of Jupiter?
Galileo Galilei discovered the four largest moons of Jupiter in 1610 using an improved telescope, providing powerful evidence that not everything orbits the Earth.
Whose observations first proved galaxies exist beyond ours?
Astronomer Edwin Hubble proved in the 1920s that other galaxies exist far beyond the Milky Way, and later showed that the universe is expanding.
Whose theory explained gravity as curved spacetime?
Albert Einstein general theory of relativity, published in 1915, explained gravity not as a force but as the curving of spacetime by mass and energy.
Whose voice was the first ever recorded?
The earliest known recording of a human voice was made in 1860 by Frenchman Edouard-Leon Scott de Martinville, who captured someone singing a folk song, though his device could not play sound back.
Whose discovery was the DNA double helix?
The double helix structure of DNA was described in 1953 by James Watson and Francis Crick, building crucially on the X-ray images produced by Rosalind Franklin.
Whose discovery was the electron?
The electron was discovered in 1897 by the British physicist J. J. Thomson through his experiments with cathode ray tubes.
Whose discovery was the neutron?
The neutron was discovered in 1932 by the British physicist James Chadwick, who identified a neutral particle inside the atomic nucleus.
Whose expedition first reached the North Pole?
The first widely accepted expedition to reach the geographic North Pole by surface travel was led by Robert Peary and Matthew Henson in 1909, though the claim remains debated.
Whose experiment measured the speed of light?
Ole Romer made the first estimate of the speed of light in 1676 from the moons of Jupiter, and Albert Michelson later measured it very precisely in the late 1800s.
Whose experiment proved air has weight?
The Italian scientist Evangelista Torricelli demonstrated air pressure in 1643 with the barometer, and Otto von Guericke dramatically showed its force with the Magdeburg hemispheres.
Whose formula describes gravity?
Isaac Newton described gravity with his law of universal gravitation in 1687, and Albert Einstein later gave a deeper description with general relativity in 1915.
Whose invention was the battery?
The first true battery was invented around 1800 by the Italian physicist Alessandro Volta, who created the voltaic pile.
Whose law governs electric current?
Ohm law, formulated by the German physicist Georg Ohm in 1827, describes the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in an electric circuit.
Whose law relates the pressure and volume of a gas?
Boyle law, described by the Anglo-Irish scientist Robert Boyle in 1662, states that the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely related at constant temperature.
Whose map first named America?
The name America first appeared on a world map made in 1507 by the German cartographer Martin Waldseemuller.
Whose model described the atom?
Niels Bohr proposed an influential model of the atom in 1913, building on Ernest Rutherford discovery of the nucleus.
Whose observations confirmed general relativity?
Arthur Eddington observations during the total solar eclipse of 1919 confirmed a key prediction of Einstein general relativity, that gravity bends light.
Whose theory explained the photoelectric effect?
Albert Einstein explained the photoelectric effect in 1905 by proposing that light comes in tiny packets of energy called photons, work that won him the Nobel Prize.
Whose discovery was the expanding universe?
Edwin Hubble showed in 1929 that distant galaxies are moving away from us, providing the first strong evidence that the universe is expanding.
Whose invention was the telegraph?
The electric telegraph was developed in the 1830s and 1840s, with Samuel Morse and his Morse code playing a central role in the United States.
Whose law describes how a gas volume changes with temperature?
Charles law, credited to the French scientist Jacques Charles in the 1780s, states that the volume of a gas increases in proportion to its temperature at constant pressure.
Whose experiment first split the atom?
The atomic nucleus was first artificially split in 1932 by John Cockcroft and Ernest Walton, working under Ernest Rutherford in Cambridge.
Whose discovery was insulin?
Insulin was discovered in 1921 and 1922 at the University of Toronto by Frederick Banting and Charles Best, with support from John Macleod and James Collip.
Whose theory described electromagnetism?
James Clerk Maxwell unified electricity and magnetism into a single theory of electromagnetism in the 1860s, showing that light is an electromagnetic wave.
Whose face is on the US one-dollar bill?
George Washington, the first President of the United States, appears on the one-dollar bill.
Whose company created ChatGPT?
ChatGPT was created by OpenAI, an AI company co-founded in 2015 by Sam Altman, Elon Musk, Greg Brockman, Ilya Sutskever and others.
Whose garage started Apple?
Apple was started in 1976 by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne, famously in the Jobs family garage in Los Altos, California.
Whose band is the best-selling music act of all time?
The Beatles are the best-selling music act of all time, with estimated sales of more than 600 million units worldwide.
Whose stories created Sherlock Holmes?
Sherlock Holmes was created by Scottish author and doctor Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, first appearing in 1887.
Whose empire was the largest in history?
The British Empire was the largest in history, covering about 35.5 million square kilometres, roughly a quarter of the land on Earth, in 1920.
Whose assembly line built the Model T?
Henry Ford introduced the moving assembly line in 1913, making his Model T the first car ordinary families could afford.
Whose studio created Mickey Mouse?
Mickey Mouse was created in 1928 by Walt Disney and animator Ub Iwerks at the Disney studio.
Whose painting is The Starry Night?
The Starry Night was painted by Dutch artist Vincent van Gogh in June 1889.
Whose sculpture is David?
The famous marble statue of David was carved by Michelangelo between 1501 and 1504.
Whose flight first crossed the Atlantic solo?
Charles Lindbergh made the first solo nonstop transatlantic flight, from New York to Paris, on 20 to 21 May 1927.
Whose company is SpaceX?
SpaceX was founded by Elon Musk in 2002 to cut the cost of spaceflight and eventually help humans reach Mars.
Whose mathematics invented calculus?
Calculus was invented independently by Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in the late 17th century.
Whose oath do doctors take?
Doctors traditionally take the Hippocratic Oath, named after the ancient Greek physician Hippocrates of Kos.
Whose album is the best-selling of all time?
Michael Jackson Thriller, released in 1982, is the best-selling album of all time, with an estimated 70 million copies sold worldwide.
Whose idea was Wikipedia?
Wikipedia was launched on 15 January 2001 by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger.
Whose novel is 1984?
Nineteen Eighty-Four was written by English author George Orwell and published on 8 June 1949.
Whose spacecraft first landed on Mars?
The Soviet Mars 3 lander made the first soft landing on Mars in 1971, and NASA Viking 1 made the first long-lasting successful landing in 1976.
Whose quote is I think, therefore I am?
I think, therefore I am comes from French philosopher René Descartes, first published in 1637.
Whose online bookstore became Amazon?
Amazon was founded by Jeff Bezos on 5 July 1994 as an online bookstore run from his garage in Bellevue, Washington.
Whose painting is The Last Supper?
Leonardo da Vinci painted The Last Supper between about 1495 and 1498 on a wall of the convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan.
Whose music is The Four Seasons?
The Four Seasons is a set of four violin concertos by the Venetian composer Antonio Vivaldi, published in 1725.
Whose novel is Pride and Prejudice?
Jane Austen wrote Pride and Prejudice, published anonymously in January 1813 and credited only to the author of Sense and Sensibility.
Whose idea were the modern Olympic Games?
French educator Baron Pierre de Coubertin revived the Olympics, founding the International Olympic Committee in 1894; the first modern Games were in Athens in 1896.
Whose six wives made history?
King Henry VIII of England married six times between 1509 and 1543, famously remembered as divorced, beheaded, died, divorced, beheaded, survived.
Whose tomb did Howard Carter discover?
British archaeologist Howard Carter found the nearly intact tomb of the boy pharaoh Tutankhamun in the Valley of the Kings on 4 November 1922.
Whose creation is Spider-Man?
Spider-Man was created by writer Stan Lee and artist Steve Ditko, first appearing in Amazing Fantasy number 15 in August 1962.
Whose company is Microsoft?
Microsoft was founded by childhood friends Bill Gates and Paul Allen on 4 April 1975 in Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Whose assassination started World War I?
Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, was shot by Gavrilo Princip in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914.
Whose books are the Harry Potter series?
British author J.K. Rowling wrote the seven Harry Potter books, starting with the Philosopher’s Stone in June 1997.
Whose company is Tesla?
Tesla was founded in 2003 by engineers Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning; Elon Musk joined in 2004 as lead investor and became CEO in 2008.
Whose idea was Google?
Google was created by Stanford PhD students Larry Page and Sergey Brin, who incorporated the company on 4 September 1998.
Whose idea was Facebook?
Mark Zuckerberg launched Facebook from his Harvard dorm room on 4 February 2004, with co-founders Eduardo Saverin, Andrew McCollum, Dustin Moskovitz and Chris Hughes.
Whose symphony opens with the famous da-da-da-dum?
Ludwig van Beethoven’s Symphony No. 5 in C minor, first performed in Vienna on 22 December 1808.
Whose creation is Star Wars?
Star Wars was created by filmmaker George Lucas, whose first film opened in US cinemas on 25 May 1977.
Whose play is Romeo and Juliet?
Romeo and Juliet was written by William Shakespeare, probably between 1594 and 1596, and first printed in 1597.
Whose opera is The Magic Flute?
The Magic Flute was composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, with a libretto by Emanuel Schikaneder, and premiered in Vienna on 30 September 1791.
Whose drawing is the Vitruvian Man?
The Vitruvian Man was drawn by Leonardo da Vinci around 1490, in pen and ink on paper.
Whose painting is Guernica?
Guernica was painted by Pablo Picasso in 1937, in response to the bombing of the Basque town of Guernica during the Spanish Civil War.
Whose painting is The Scream?
The Scream was created by Norwegian artist Edvard Munch, who made the first painted version in 1893.
Whose creation is Super Mario?
Mario was created by Japanese game designer Shigeru Miyamoto at Nintendo, first appearing in the arcade game Donkey Kong in 1981.
Whose idea was Pokémon?
Pokémon was created by Satoshi Tajiri, founder of Game Freak, and first released as Pokémon Red and Green in Japan on 27 February 1996.
Whose company created LEGO?
LEGO was founded by Danish carpenter Ole Kirk Christiansen in Billund, Denmark, in 1932.
Whose invention was Barbie?
Barbie was created by Ruth Handler, co-founder of Mattel, and launched at the American International Toy Fair in New York on 9 March 1959.
Whose creation is Batman?
Batman was created by artist Bob Kane and writer Bill Finger, and first appeared in Detective Comics #27 in 1939.
Whose creation is Superman?
Superman was created by writer Jerry Siegel and artist Joe Shuster, two young friends from Cleveland, and debuted in Action Comics #1 in 1938.
Whose creation is Linux?
Linux was created by Finnish student Linus Torvalds, who announced it on 25 August 1991 while studying at the University of Helsinki.
Whose novel is Frankenstein?
Frankenstein was written by English author Mary Shelley and first published anonymously on 1 January 1818.
Whose painting is Girl with a Pearl Earring?
Girl with a Pearl Earring was painted by Dutch artist Johannes Vermeer around 1665.
Whose novel created Dracula?
Count Dracula was created by Irish author Bram Stoker in his novel Dracula, published on 26 May 1897.
Whose painting is The Birth of Venus?
Sandro Botticelli, the Florentine Renaissance painter, who created it in the mid-1480s. It hangs in the Uffizi Gallery in Florence.
Whose painting is The Night Watch?
Rembrandt van Rijn, who completed it in 1642. It is the star attraction of the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam.
Whose painting is The Persistence of Memory?
Salvador Dalí, the Spanish surrealist, who painted its famous melting clocks in 1931.
Whose paintings are the Sunflowers?
Vincent van Gogh, who painted a famous series of sunflowers in vases in Arles, France, in 1888 and 1889.
Whose painting is The Kiss?
Gustav Klimt, the Austrian painter, who created the golden masterpiece in 1907–08. It hangs in the Belvedere in Vienna.
Whose painting is American Gothic?
Grant Wood, an artist from Iowa, who painted it in 1930. It is in the Art Institute of Chicago.
Whose sculpture is The Thinker?
Auguste Rodin, the French sculptor, who first created the figure around 1880 as part of a huge bronze door called The Gates of Hell.
Whose work is the Sistine Chapel ceiling?
Michelangelo, who painted it for Pope Julius II between 1508 and 1512.
Whose play is Hamlet?
William Shakespeare, who wrote it around 1600. It is his longest play and one of the most performed in the world.
Whose novel is War and Peace?
Leo Tolstoy, the Russian writer, who published it in the 1860s. It follows Russian families through the Napoleonic Wars.
Whose novel is Don Quixote?
Miguel de Cervantes, the Spanish writer, who published it in two parts in 1605 and 1615. It is often called the first modern novel.
Whose novel is Moby-Dick?
Herman Melville, the American author, who published it in 1851. It was a commercial failure in his lifetime but is now a classic.
Whose novel is The Great Gatsby?
F. Scott Fitzgerald, who published it in 1925. It is a portrait of wealth, longing and the Jazz Age in 1920s America.
Whose novel is To Kill a Mockingbird?
Harper Lee, who published it in 1960. It won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1961.
Whose books are The Lord of the Rings?
J. R. R. Tolkien, the English writer and Oxford professor, who published the story in three volumes in 1954 and 1955.
Whose books are The Chronicles of Narnia?
C. S. Lewis, the Irish-born author and scholar, who published the seven Narnia books between 1950 and 1956.
Whose book is Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland?
Lewis Carroll, the pen name of the Oxford mathematician Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, who published it in 1865.
Whose fairy tale is The Little Mermaid?
Hans Christian Andersen, the Danish author, who published it in 1837. The original ending is far sadder than the Disney film.
Whose epic is The Odyssey?
It is traditionally credited to Homer, the ancient Greek poet, and was probably composed around the 8th century BC.
Whose music is the Moonlight Sonata?
Ludwig van Beethoven, who composed it in 1801. The moonlight nickname was given by a critic after his death.
Whose ballet is Swan Lake?
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, who composed the music in 1875–76. It premiered in Moscow in 1877.
Whose song is Bohemian Rhapsody?
Freddie Mercury wrote it for Queen, and the band released it in 1975 on the album A Night at the Opera.
Whose song is Imagine?
John Lennon released it in 1971. In 2017 Yoko Ono was officially added as a co-writer.
Whose waltz is The Blue Danube?
Johann Strauss II, the Viennese Waltz King, who composed it in 1866–67.
Whose invention was the car?
Karl Benz is credited with the first practical petrol-powered car, the Benz Patent-Motorwagen, patented in 1886.
Whose invention was the television?
No single inventor: John Logie Baird gave the first public demonstration of television in 1926, while Philo Farnsworth built the first fully electronic TV system in 1927.
Whose invention was the computer mouse?
Douglas Engelbart invented the computer mouse in the 1960s at the Stanford Research Institute, with engineer Bill English building the first prototype.
Whose invention was the dishwasher?
Josephine Cochrane of Illinois invented the first commercially successful dishwasher, patented in 1886.
Whose invention was the microwave oven?
American engineer Percy Spencer invented the microwave oven at Raytheon after noticing, around 1945, that radar equipment had melted a snack in his pocket.
Whose invention were blue jeans?
Tailor Jacob Davis and merchant Levi Strauss patented copper-riveted denim work trousers in 1873, creating the first blue jeans.
Whose name is the sandwich named after?
The sandwich is named after John Montagu, the 4th Earl of Sandwich, an 18th-century English aristocrat who liked meat served between slices of bread.
Whose invention was the Rubik’s Cube?
Hungarian architecture professor Ernő Rubik invented the cube in 1974 as a teaching tool for understanding three-dimensional movement.
Whose invention were Post-it Notes?
Post-it Notes came from 3M scientists Spencer Silver, who created a weak reusable adhesive in 1968, and Art Fry, who found the perfect use for it in 1974.
Whose idea was the Nobel Prize?
Swedish chemist and inventor Alfred Nobel created the prizes in his 1895 will, leaving most of his fortune to reward those who confer “the greatest benefit to humankind”.
Whose company is Nike?
Nike was founded by runner Phil Knight and his University of Oregon track coach Bill Bowerman, starting as Blue Ribbon Sports in 1964.
Whose company was McDonald’s?
Brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald opened the first McDonald’s in California in 1940, but businessman Ray Kroc built it into a global chain from 1955.
Whose company is Samsung?
Samsung was founded by Lee Byung-chul in 1938 in Daegu, Korea, as a small trading company selling dried fish, vegetables and noodles.
Whose company is Ferrari?
Ferrari was founded by Italian racing driver Enzo Ferrari, who started the Scuderia Ferrari racing team in 1929 and built his first Ferrari-badged road car in 1947.
Whose company is Nintendo?
Nintendo was founded by Fusajiro Yamauchi in Kyoto, Japan, in 1889 as a maker of handmade hanafuda playing cards.
Whose company is IKEA?
IKEA was founded in Sweden in 1943 by 17-year-old Ingvar Kamprad; the name combines his initials with his family farm, Elmtaryd, and home village, Agunnaryd.
Whose creation is Winnie-the-Pooh?
Winnie-the-Pooh was created by English author A. A. Milne, inspired by his son Christopher Robin’s teddy bear, and first illustrated by E. H. Shepard in 1926.
Whose creation is Peter Pan?
Peter Pan was created by Scottish writer J. M. Barrie, first appearing in a 1902 novel and then the famous 1904 stage play.
Whose creation is The Simpsons?
The Simpsons was created by cartoonist Matt Groening, who first sketched the family in 1987 and named most of them after his own relatives.
Whose creation is Wonder Woman?
Wonder Woman was created by psychologist William Moulton Marston, with artist Harry G. Peter, and first appeared in All Star Comics #8 in late 1941.
Whose creation is Tintin?
Tintin was created by Belgian cartoonist Georges Remi, known as Hergé, and first appeared in 1929.
Whose creation are the Muppets?
The Muppets were created by American puppeteer Jim Henson, who built the first Kermit from his mother’s old coat in 1955.
Whose discovery was oxygen?
Oxygen was discovered independently by Carl Wilhelm Scheele around 1772 and Joseph Priestley in 1774, while Antoine Lavoisier recognised it as an element and named it.
Whose discovery was the circulation of blood?
English physician William Harvey showed in 1628 that the heart pumps blood around the body in a continuous circuit.
Whose discovery was the planet Uranus?
German-born British astronomer William Herschel discovered Uranus on 13 March 1781, the first planet found with a telescope.
Whose theory is the Big Bang?
Belgian priest and physicist Georges Lemaître first proposed in 1927–1931 that the universe began from a single “primeval atom”, the idea now called the Big Bang.