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Whose discovery was oxygen?

sciencechemistry

Quick Answer

Oxygen was discovered independently by Carl Wilhelm Scheele around 1772 and Joseph Priestley in 1774, while Antoine Lavoisier recognised it as an element and named it.

The Full Story

Swedish pharmacist Carl Wilhelm Scheele produced oxygen by heating substances such as mercuric oxide around 1771–1772, calling it “fire air”, but his findings were not published until 1777. English clergyman Joseph Priestley made oxygen on 1 August 1774 by focusing sunlight on mercuric oxide, and published first, calling it “dephlogisticated air”. French chemist Antoine Lavoisier repeated the experiments and correctly explained that oxygen is an element involved in combustion and respiration. He named it oxygène in 1777, from Greek words meaning “acid former”, because he wrongly believed all acids contained it. His work overturned the old phlogiston theory.

Key Facts

1.Priestley isolated oxygen on 1 August 1774.
2.Oxygen makes up about 21 percent of Earth’s atmosphere.
3.Oxygen is the most abundant element in Earth’s crust by mass.

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"Three scientists, one gas — who really discovered oxygen?"