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The peregrine falcon is the fastest animal overall at 389 km/h in a hunting dive. On land, the cheetah reigns at 112 km/h — though it can only sustain top speed for about 460 meters.

Canada has more lakes than all other countries combined — over 2 million, holding about 60% of the world's lakes. It contains 20% of the world's total fresh water.

Saturn holds the record with 146 confirmed moons as of 2023, overtaking Jupiter (95 moons). Saturn's largest moon, Titan, is bigger than Mercury and has a thick atmosphere with methane lakes.

Hydrogen makes up approximately 75% of all normal (baryonic) matter in the universe. Helium is second at ~24%. All other elements combined account for less than 2%.

The Inca civilization built Machu Picchu around 1450 CE as a royal estate for Emperor Pachacuti. It was abandoned roughly 100 years later during the Spanish conquest and "rediscovered" in 1911.

Brazil is the world's largest coffee producer, generating about 40% of the global supply — approximately 3.6 million tonnes per year. It has held this position for over 150 years.

O negative (O−) is the universal red blood cell donor — it can be given to patients of all ABO and Rh blood types. Only about 7% of the population has O− blood.

The Nile is traditionally measured as the longest river at 6,650 km, flowing through 11 African countries. The Amazon is a close contender at 6,400–7,062 km depending on the measurement method.

Jupiter is by far the largest planet, with a diameter of about 143,000 km — more than 11 Earths across and over twice the mass of all other planets combined.

The giraffe is the tallest living animal, standing up to about 5.5 meters (18 feet) tall. Its legs alone are taller than many adult humans.

The blue whale is the largest animal known to have ever existed, reaching up to 30 meters long and around 180 tonnes — heavier than any dinosaur.

The mosquito is by far the deadliest animal to humans, causing an estimated 700,000 or more deaths a year by spreading diseases like malaria and dengue.

The ostrich is the world largest and heaviest living bird, standing up to 2.8 meters tall and weighing as much as 155 kilograms. It cannot fly, but it can sprint at 70 km/h.

Rhodium is usually the most expensive precious metal, often trading well above gold and platinum, thanks to its rarity and use in catalytic converters.

Diamond is the hardest known natural material, scoring a perfect 10 on the Mohs scale. It is made of pure carbon under immense pressure.

The Pacific Ocean is the largest, covering about 165 million km² — more than all the land on Earth combined and roughly a third of the planet's surface.

The ocean quahog clam can live over 500 years, and the Greenland shark may live 300–500 years. Some jellyfish may even be biologically immortal.

Aluminium is the most abundant metal in Earth crust, making up about 8% of it by weight. Only oxygen and silicon are more common overall.

Mercury is the smallest planet in our solar system and the closest to the Sun, only slightly larger than Earth Moon.

Giant tortoises are among the longest-lived land animals, with some living well over 150 years.

Venus is the hottest planet, with surface temperatures around 465 degrees Celsius — hot enough to melt lead.

The bee hummingbird of Cuba is the world smallest bird, weighing less than 2 grams and about the size of a large insect.

The box jellyfish is often called the most venomous animal, with venom potent enough to kill a human within minutes.

India is now the world most populous country, having overtaken China, with over 1.4 billion people.

The Rafflesia arnoldii of Southeast Asia produces the largest single flower, up to a metre wide, and smells of rotting flesh.

The sailfish is widely considered the fastest fish, capable of bursts up to around 100 kilometres per hour.

Nitrogen makes up about 78% of Earth atmosphere, far more than oxygen, which accounts for around 21%.

Antarctica is the largest desert on Earth. Deserts are defined by low precipitation, not heat, and Antarctica is extremely dry.

The polar bear is the largest land carnivore, with big males weighing up to around 700 kilograms.

A Great Basin bristlecone pine in California is among the oldest known living trees, at over 4,800 years old.

The Andean condor is among the largest birds of prey, with a wingspan reaching about 3.3 metres.

Plants release oxygen during photosynthesis, using sunlight to turn carbon dioxide and water into food and oxygen.

The Amazon is the world largest tropical rainforest, covering about 5.5 million square kilometres across South America.

The Pacific Ocean is the deepest, containing the Mariana Trench at 10,994 metres — the deepest point on Earth.

English is generally cited as having the largest vocabulary, with estimates ranging from 170,000 to over 1 million words depending on the criteria.

The cheetah is the fastest land animal, reaching speeds of up to 112 km/h in short bursts.

Tungsten has the highest melting point of any metal, at 3,422 °C (6,192 °F).

France has the most time zones of any country — 12 in total — thanks to its overseas territories spanning the globe.

English is the most widely spoken language overall (about 1.5 billion speakers), while Mandarin Chinese has the most native speakers (about 920 million).

The brain uses the most energy relative to its size, consuming about 20% of the body total energy despite being only 2% of body weight.

A honey fungus (Armillaria ostoyae) in Oregon, USA, spanning about 9.6 km², is considered the largest living organism by area.

Neptune and Uranus are believed to rain diamonds deep in their atmospheres, where extreme pressure crystallises carbon into diamond.

Limpet teeth are the strongest known natural material, with a tensile strength of up to 6.5 GPa — stronger than spider silk.

Africa has the most countries of any continent, with 54 internationally recognised sovereign states.

Sumer, in southern Mesopotamia (modern Iraq), is generally considered the oldest known civilization, emerging around 4500-4000 BC.

The Rüppell griffon vulture holds the record at 11,300 metres — confirmed when one was struck by a plane at that altitude.

The femur (thighbone) is the longest and strongest bone, typically about one-quarter of a person total height.

Don Juan Pond in Antarctica is the saltiest body of water on Earth, with a salinity of over 40% — about 12 times saltier than the ocean.

The koala sleeps up to 22 hours per day, though some sources give the brown bat or the little pocket mouse similar records.

Mauna Loa in Hawaii is the largest active volcano on Earth by volume (about 75,000 km³) and surface area.

Astatine is the rarest naturally occurring element, with less than 30 grams estimated to exist in Earth crust at any given time.

Eagles and other birds of prey have the sharpest vision, with visual acuity roughly 4-8 times better than humans.

The University of al-Qarawiyyin in Fez, Morocco, founded in 859 AD, is recognised by Guinness and UNESCO as the oldest continuously operating university.

Saffron is the world most expensive spice, costing $5,000-$10,000 per kilogram due to the labour-intensive harvesting of crocus flowers.

The pitch drop experiment at the University of Queensland, started in 1927, is the world longest-running laboratory experiment.

The horned dung beetle (Onthophagus taurus) can pull 1,141 times its own body weight, making it the strongest insect relative to its size.

Antarctica is the driest continent, receiving an average of only about 166 mm of precipitation per year, mostly as snow.

Bone flutes found in German caves, dating to about 40,000 years ago, are the oldest known musical instruments.

Venus has the longest day of any planet in our solar system: one Venusian day (sidereal rotation) is about 243 Earth days.

Steel is the most recycled material in the world, with a global recycling rate of about 85-90% for structural steel.

Hyperion, a coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) in Northern California, stands at 115.92 metres — the tallest known tree on Earth.

Sirius (the Dog Star) is the brightest star visible from Earth, with an apparent magnitude of -1.46.

Bats are the only mammals capable of true sustained flight, with over 1,400 species worldwide.

Indonesia has the most active volcanoes of any country, with about 130 historically active volcanoes — roughly 13% of all active volcanoes on Earth — due to its position on the Pacific Ring of Fire.

Tamil is often cited as the oldest continuously spoken language, with a literary tradition spanning over 2,000 years; other strong candidates include Chinese, Greek, Hebrew, and Basque.

The Indian Ocean is the warmest ocean overall, with average surface temperatures of about 22-28 degrees Celsius, because most of it lies in the tropics and it is largely enclosed by warm landmasses.

Bananas are the most consumed fruit in the world, with global production exceeding 120 million tonnes per year — more than apples, oranges, and grapes combined in many markets.

Mauna Kea in Hawaii is the tallest mountain from base to peak at about 10,211 metres (33,500 feet) — but over half is below sea level, so only 4,207 metres rise above the ocean surface.

The sperm whale has the largest brain of any animal ever known to exist, weighing about 7.8 kg — roughly five times heavier than the human brain.

Fluorine is the most reactive element, reacting violently with virtually every other element and compound — it is the most electronegative element on the periodic table and the strongest known oxidising agent.

The Namib Desert in southwestern Africa is considered the world oldest desert, having been arid or semi-arid for at least 55-80 million years — since the Late Cretaceous period.

Neptune has the strongest measured winds in the solar system, with speeds reaching approximately 2,100 km/h (580 m/s) — despite being the farthest planet from the Sun and receiving very little solar energy.

The liver is the only internal organ in the human body that can regenerate to its full size from as little as 25% of its original tissue — a remarkable ability unique among human organs.

The Arctic tern holds the record for the longest migration of any animal, flying roughly 71,000 km annually on a round trip from Arctic breeding grounds to Antarctic feeding grounds and back.

Natural rubber (latex from Hevea brasiliensis) is one of the most elastic common materials, capable of stretching to 7-8 times its original length and returning to shape; among engineered materials, some silicone elastomers can stretch over 1,000%.

The Amazon River has the most tributaries of any river, with over 1,100 named tributaries — including 17 that are each longer than 1,500 km — draining the largest river basin on Earth.

Adult mayflies (order Ephemeroptera) have the shortest lifespan of any insect — some species live only 5 minutes to 24 hours as adults, just long enough to mate and lay eggs.

Sweden has the most islands of any country, with approximately 267,570 islands — though most are tiny, uninhabited rocky skerries in its Baltic Sea archipelagos.

The saltwater crocodile has the strongest measured bite force of any living animal at about 16,460 newtons (3,700 pounds-force) — roughly 10 times the bite force of a great white shark.

Jupiter has arguably the most extreme weather in the solar system: its Great Red Spot is a storm larger than Earth that has raged for at least 350 years, with wind speeds exceeding 640 km/h.

Diamond is the hardest naturally occurring substance, rated 10 on the Mohs hardness scale; however, several synthetic materials, including wurtzite boron nitride and Q-carbon, may be even harder under certain conditions.

A honey fungus (Armillaria ostoyae) in the Blue Mountains of eastern Oregon, USA, is the largest known organism on Earth — its underground mycelial network spans approximately 9.6 square kilometres and may be 2,400-8,650 years old.

The Great Chilean Earthquake (Valdivia Earthquake) on 22 May 1960 is the strongest earthquake ever recorded, measuring magnitude 9.5 on the moment magnitude scale.

Pure fats and oils have the highest caloric density of any food at about 9 kilocalories per gram; among common whole foods, macadamia nuts (~7.2 kcal/g) and pecans (~6.9 kcal/g) are among the most calorie-dense.

Large, fast-growing deciduous trees like oaks, beeches, and maples produce the most oxygen per individual tree — a mature oak produces roughly 100 kg of oxygen per year, enough for about 2-3 people.

Bridgmanite (a magnesium iron silicate perovskite) is the most abundant mineral in Earth, making up about 38% of the planet total volume — but it exists only in the lower mantle under extreme pressure.

Tardigrades can survive without food for decades in a desiccated cryptobiotic state; among active animals, the olm (Proteus anguinus, a cave salamander) can survive up to 10 years without eating.

The Sumerians of ancient Mesopotamia (modern Iraq) developed the first known writing system — cuneiform — around 3400-3100 BCE, initially for recording economic transactions.

Lithium is the lightest metal, with a density of just 0.534 g/cm3 — so light it floats on water (and even on some oils) — and it is also the lightest solid element.

The January 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai in Tonga was the most powerful volcanic event in decades, but the eruption that most recently caused significant global cooling was Mount Pinatubo (Philippines) in June 1991, which lowered global temperatures by about 0.5 degrees Celsius for two years.

The human egg cell (ovum) is the largest cell in the body at about 120 micrometres in diameter — just barely visible to the naked eye; the longest cell is a motor neuron, which can extend over 1 metre from the spinal cord to the foot.

Jupiter has the strongest surface gravity of any planet in our solar system at about 24.8 m/s squared (2.53 times Earth gravity), meaning a 70 kg person would weigh about 177 kg on Jupiter.

Mandarin Chinese has the most native speakers of any language, with approximately 920 million people speaking it as their first language, followed by Spanish (~475 million) and English (~373 million).

The ocean quahog clam and certain sponges and jellyfish are among the longest-lived animals known.

Rhodium is usually the most expensive precious metal, often priced well above gold and platinum.

China and Russia are tied with 14 bordering countries each, the most of any nation.

Jupiter spins the fastest, completing a full rotation in under 10 hours despite its huge size.

Great Basin bristlecone pines are the longest-lived individual trees, over 4,800 years old.

The black marlin is often cited as the fastest fish, reaching bursts around 130 km/h.

Monaco is the most densely populated country, with over 18,000 people per square kilometre.

The Sargasso Sea is the only sea on Earth with no land coastline, bounded by ocean currents.

Tamil is among the oldest languages still in everyday use, with a literary history over 2,000 years old.

Canada has the longest coastline of any country, stretching about 202,000 kilometres.

The Arctic tern migrates the farthest, flying up to 90,000 km a year between the poles.

After the Sun, Proxima Centauri is the closest star, about 4.24 light-years away.

The United States is the worlds largest oil producer, thanks largely to shale extraction.

The platypus and echidnas are the only mammals that lay eggs instead of giving live birth.

Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in Earths atmosphere, making up about 78 percent of it.

Great apes such as chimpanzees, along with dolphins, elephants, and certain birds like crows and parrots, are considered among the most intelligent animals, each excelling in different mental skills.

The Ruppell griffon vulture holds the record for the highest confirmed bird flight, having collided with an aircraft at about 11,300 metres, higher than the cruising altitude of many airliners.

Among common types, AB negative is the rarest, found in well under one percent of people, but the truly rarest is Rh-null, or golden blood, known in only a few dozen people worldwide.

The smallest bone in the human body is the stapes, a tiny stirrup-shaped bone in the middle ear that measures only about 3 millimetres long.

Counting overseas territories, France spans the most time zones, with 12, while Russia has the most of any single contiguous landmass, at 11.

Russia is by far the largest country in the world by land area, covering about 17.1 million square kilometres, nearly twice the size of the next largest country.

Vatican City is the smallest country in the world, covering just about 0.49 square kilometres and home to only a few hundred residents.

Hydrogen is by far the most abundant element in the universe, making up about 75 percent of ordinary matter, while oxygen is the most abundant element in the Earth crust.

The largest fish is the whale shark, a gentle filter-feeder that can grow to around 12 metres or more in length, far bigger than any other fish.

English is the most spoken language in the world by total number of speakers, with around 1.5 billion, while Mandarin Chinese has the most native speakers, at roughly 940 million.

The blue whale is the largest mammal and the largest animal ever known to have lived, reaching up to about 30 metres long and weighing as much as 200 tonnes.

The Pacific Ocean is the deepest, containing the Mariana Trench, whose lowest point, the Challenger Deep, plunges to about 10,935 metres below sea level.

The skin is the largest organ of the human body, covering an area of about two square metres in adults and accounting for roughly 15 percent of body weight; the liver is the largest internal organ.

Venus is the hottest planet in the solar system, with surface temperatures around 465 degrees Celsius, even though Mercury orbits closer to the Sun.

By the toxicity of its venom, the inland taipan of Australia is the most venomous snake, with a single bite containing enough venom to kill many adult humans.

The Cuvier beaked whale holds the record among mammals, with dives recorded lasting over three and a half hours on a single breath.

The tiny creatures called tardigrades, or water bears, can survive exposure to the vacuum and radiation of space, as proven in orbital experiments.

The tiny Etruscan shrew is often said to have one of the fastest metabolisms, with a heart that can beat around 1,500 times a minute.

The ocean quahog, a type of clam, can live over 500 years, and one specimen named Ming was found to be about 507 years old.

The common snail can have thousands of tiny teeth on a ribbon-like tongue called a radula, with some snails having well over 10,000.

The sea otter has the densest fur of any animal, with up to about one million hairs packed into a single square inch of skin.

The sperm whale produces the loudest sounds of any animal, with clicks reaching around 230 decibels underwater, while the blue whale is the loudest for sustained calls.

The koala is often cited as sleeping up to around 22 hours a day, while some bats and the sloth also spend most of their time resting or asleep.

The sociable weaver of southern Africa builds the largest communal nests, huge shared structures that can house hundreds of birds, while the bald eagle builds the largest single nest.

Flightless birds include the ostrich, emu, cassowary, kiwi, and penguins, which have lost the ability to fly and adapted to life on the ground or in water.

The wandering albatross has the largest wingspan of any living bird, reaching up to about 3.5 metres from tip to tip.

Astatine is the rarest naturally occurring element on Earth, with an estimated total of less than a gram present in the entire crust at any time.

The Australian Kakadu plum has the highest known vitamin C content of any fruit, with far more than oranges, and the camu camu berry is also extremely rich in it.

Diamond is the hardest natural gemstone, scoring the maximum 10 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness.

Aluminium is the most abundant metal in Earths crust, making up about 8 percent of it by weight.

K2, the second-highest mountain on Earth, is widely regarded as the hardest and most dangerous major peak to climb, far deadlier than Everest.

Certain species of bamboo are the fastest-growing plants, with some able to grow up to about 90 centimetres in a single day.

The Amazon River in South America carries by far the most water of any river, discharging around 209,000 cubic metres per second into the Atlantic.

The tube-lipped nectar bat of Ecuador has the longest tongue relative to its body of any mammal, longer than its entire body.

The ostrich lays the largest egg of any living bird, weighing about 1.5 kilograms, though the extinct elephant bird laid far bigger ones.

The United States has the largest economy by nominal GDP, worth roughly 27 to 29 trillion US dollars, about a quarter of world output.

France is the most visited country, welcoming around 100 million international tourists a year.

Football (soccer) is the most popular sport, with an estimated 3.5 billion fans worldwide.

The Bible is the best-selling book ever, with an estimated 5 billion or more copies printed and distributed.

Google.com is the most visited website in the world, receiving tens of billions of visits every month.

Asia is the largest continent, covering about 44.6 million square kilometres and home to around 60 percent of all people.

Venus comes closest to Earth, but on average Mercury is actually our nearest planetary neighbour.

Minecraft is the best-selling video game ever, with more than 300 million copies sold.

Baby Shark Dance by Pinkfong is the most viewed YouTube video, with more than 14 billion views.

Wang and Li are the most common surnames in the world, each shared by roughly 100 million people in China.

The United States has won the most Olympic medals, with more than 2,600 at the Summer Games alone.

The French Bulldog is the most popular dog breed in the US, ending the Labrador Retriever 31-year reign in 2022.

Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International is the busiest airport, handling about 108 million passengers in 2024.

Finland drinks the most coffee per person, about 12 kilograms per person every year.

Facebook is the most used social network, with around 3 billion monthly active users.

Christianity is the largest religion, with about 2.3 billion followers, followed by Islam with about 2 billion.

Sudan has the most pyramids, with around 200 to 255, far more than the roughly 120 in Egypt.

Vitamin D is made in the skin when it is exposed to UVB rays from sunlight.

San Marino is the oldest surviving republic, founded in 301 AD, though Egypt and Japan have far older civilisations.

The Face with Tears of Joy emoji 😂 is the most used emoji in the world.

Finland, which ranked number one in every World Happiness Report from 2018 through 2025, eight years in a row.

For English speakers, Mandarin Chinese, Arabic, Japanese, Korean and Cantonese are rated hardest, each needing about 88 weeks of full-time study.

James Cameron’s Avatar (2009) holds the record, having earned about 2.92 billion dollars at the worldwide box office.

Blinding Lights by The Weeknd is the most streamed song in Spotify history, and the first to pass 4 billion streams, in 2023.

Instagram’s own account has the most followers, while footballer Cristiano Ronaldo is the most followed person, with over 650 million followers as of 2025.

Python leads most popularity rankings such as the TIOBE Index, while JavaScript and TypeScript dominate web development and GitHub activity.

The Toyota Corolla, with more than 50 million sold worldwide since its launch in 1966.

The longest word in major dictionaries is pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis, with 45 letters, a lung disease caused by fine volcanic dust.

The United States, with more than 400 Nobel laureates, far ahead of the United Kingdom and Germany.

India, with about 1.46 billion people in 2025, overtook China as the world’s most populous country in 2023.

Three films share the record of 11 Oscars: Ben-Hur (1959), Titanic (1997) and The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003).

Switzerland, where people eat roughly 10 kilograms of chocolate per person each year, the highest rate in the world.

123456 is the world’s most common password, topping most annual leaked-password studies and cracked in under a second.

Turkey drinks the most tea per person, around 3 kilograms each year, while China drinks the most tea overall.

Singapore and Zurich usually top global cost-of-living rankings, with Hong Kong, Geneva and New York close behind.

Brazil has won the men’s FIFA World Cup a record five times, in 1958, 1962, 1970, 1994 and 2002.

Lewis Hamilton and Michael Schumacher share the record with seven Formula 1 drivers’ world championships each.

Real Madrid has won the European Cup and Champions League a record 15 times, the latest in 2024.

Sweden and Ireland share the record with seven Eurovision Song Contest victories each.

American swimmer Michael Phelps has won 23 Olympic gold medals, and 28 medals in total, both all-time records.

Novak Djokovic holds the men’s record with 24 Grand Slam singles titles, level with Margaret Court’s all-time record of 24.

Lionel Messi has won the Ballon d’Or a record eight times, most recently in 2023.

The Boston Celtics have won a record 18 NBA championships, the latest in 2024, one more than the Los Angeles Lakers.

Magnus Carlsen of Norway reached a FIDE rating of 2882 in May 2014, the highest ever recorded.

In recent rankings by Forbes and Bloomberg, Elon Musk has been the world’s richest person, though the top spot can change as share prices move.

Robert Wadlow of Alton, Illinois, is the tallest person in recorded history, measuring 2.72 metres, or 8 feet 11.1 inches.

Jeanne Calment of France lived for 122 years and 164 days, the longest verified human lifespan.

The Nokia 1100, launched in 2003, is usually named the best-selling single phone model, with about 250 million sold.

Sony’s PlayStation 2 is the best-selling video game console of all time, with more than 160 million units sold.

Iceland has topped the Global Peace Index every year since 2008, making it widely regarded as the safest country in the world.

Saturn. All four giant planets have rings, but Saturn’s bright, icy system is by far the largest and most spectacular.

Uranus. Although Neptune is farther from the Sun, Uranus has recorded the lowest atmospheric temperature, around −224°C.

Ganymede, a moon of Jupiter. At about 5,268 km across, it is even wider than the planet Mercury.

Venus. Its thick, reflective clouds make it the brightest natural object in the night sky after the Moon.

The United States, with more than 800 billionaires in recent Forbes rankings, well ahead of China and India.

Australia. Its mainland covers about 7.7 million km², making it both the smallest continent and a country in its own right.

The Arctic Ocean. At about 14 million km² it is the smallest and shallowest of the five oceans.

The Danyang–Kunshan Grand Bridge in China, a railway viaduct about 164.8 km long that opened in 2011.

The longest railway tunnel is Switzerland’s 57 km Gotthard Base Tunnel; the longest tunnel of any kind is the 137 km Delaware Aqueduct in New York.

The Statue of Unity in Gujarat, India. At 182 metres it is about twice the height of the Statue of Liberty including its pedestal.

St Peter’s Basilica in Vatican City is usually named the largest church by interior size, though a basilica in Ivory Coast claims a larger total area.

The Masjid al-Haram in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, which surrounds the Kaaba and can hold more than 2 million worshippers during the Hajj.

The Louvre in Paris is the largest art museum by gallery space, while the Smithsonian Institution is the largest museum complex.

Shinjuku Station in Tokyo, which handled around 3.5 million passengers a day before the pandemic.

Shanghai and Beijing, each with more than 800 km of lines, trade the title of the world’s largest metro by route length.

The United States, with well over 13,000 airports and airfields, several times more than any other country.

A 1955 Mercedes-Benz 300 SLR Uhlenhaut Coupé, sold in 2022 for €135 million, about $143 million.

The Cullinan Diamond, a 3,106-carat gem found in South Africa in 1905. Its largest cut stones are part of the British Crown Jewels.

A millipede called Eumillipes persephone, found in Western Australia, with up to 1,306 legs — the first known animal with more than 1,000.

The colossal squid, whose eyes can measure about 27 cm across — roughly the size of a football.

The blue whale. Its heart weighs around 180 kg and can beat as slowly as two times a minute during a dive.

The African bush elephant. Adult males typically weigh around 6 tonnes and can stand up to 4 metres at the shoulder.

It depends how you measure: the giant weta is among the heaviest, a Chinese stick insect is the longest, and the white witch moth has the widest wings.

The Goliath birdeater of South America is the heaviest spider, while the giant huntsman of Laos has the widest leg span, about 30 cm.

The green anaconda is the heaviest snake, while the reticulated python is the longest, with wild specimens approaching 7 metres.

The saltwater crocodile. Big males can grow beyond 6 metres and weigh around a tonne.

The great white shark, which has been involved in more recorded unprovoked bites on people than any other species, followed by tiger and bull sharks.

The tiger, especially the Siberian or Amur tiger, whose males can weigh around 300 kg and reach over 3 metres long including the tail.

Giant long-necked titanosaurs such as Argentinosaurus and Patagotitan, estimated at up to around 35 metres long and 60 to 70 tonnes or more.

The Etruscan shrew is the lightest, at about 2 grams, while the bumblebee bat is the smallest by body length, around 3 cm.

The Chihuahua, which typically weighs under 3 kg. The smallest living dog recognised by Guinness, Pearl, is a Chihuahua just 9.14 cm tall.

Brown, shared by an estimated 70% or more of people worldwide. Green is the rarest of the common eye colours.

O positive is the most common blood type worldwide, although A positive is more common in some countries.

It depends on the definition, but the masseter, the main jaw muscle, is often named the strongest for the force it produces relative to its size.

Tooth enamel. It is about 96% mineral, harder than bone, but it cannot grow back once it is lost.

Oxygen makes up about 65% of your body mass, mostly locked up in water. By number of atoms, hydrogen wins.

Pepper X, named the world’s hottest chilli by Guinness in 2023, with an average of about 2.69 million Scoville Heat Units.

China and India are the two giants, together growing more than half the world’s rice. China has long been top, though recent estimates put India narrowly ahead.

Ivory Coast (Côte d’Ivoire), which grows around 40% of the world’s cocoa beans. Neighbouring Ghana is second.

Papua New Guinea, where around 840 living languages are spoken — more than in any other country.

Mercury, which races around the Sun in just 88 Earth days.

MrBeast, which overtook T-Series in 2024 to become the most subscribed channel, passing 400 million subscribers in 2025.

Beyoncé, with 35 Grammy wins as of the 2025 ceremony, where she also won Album of the Year for Cowboy Carter.

The Marvel Cinematic Universe, whose films have earned more than $30 billion at the global box office.

Katharine Hepburn, who won four Best Actress Oscars between 1934 and 1982.

South Sudan, which became independent from Sudan on 9 July 2011 and joined the United Nations as its 193rd member.

Hong Kong, which has more buildings over 150 metres tall than any other city, followed by Shenzhen and New York.

The Arabian Peninsula, covering about 3.2 million km² between the Red Sea, the Arabian Sea and the Persian Gulf.

Italy, with around 60 sites, narrowly ahead of China. Germany, France and Spain follow.

Russia, with about 815 million hectares of forest — roughly a fifth of all the forest on Earth.