Which Country Has the Most Volcanoes?

Indonesia straddles the intersection of several tectonic plates (the Eurasian, Australian, Pacific, and Philippine Sea plates), creating the most volcanically active zone on the planet. The country 17,508 islands include about 130 historically active volcanoes and many more dormant or extinct ones. The Indonesian archipelago has experienced some of the most catastrophic eruptions in recorded history: Krakatoa (1883) killed over 36,000 people and lowered global temperatures; Tambora (1815) ejected an estimated 160 cubic kilometres of material, causing the "Year Without a Summer" in 1816; and Toba (approximately 74,000 years ago) was one of the largest eruptions in the last 2 million years. About 70% of Indonesia population (roughly 200 million people) lives within danger zones of active volcanoes, making volcanic monitoring and early warning systems critical.