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Which human chromosome is the smallest?
GeneticsChromosomes
Quick Answer
Chromosome 21 is the smallest human chromosome by DNA content. It contains roughly 48 million base pairs.
The Full Story
Human chromosome 21 is the smallest of the 23 chromosome pairs in the human genome, with about 48 million base pairs. Despite being small, it still carries hundreds of genes that influence development and cell function. It is famously linked to Down syndrome when an extra copy is present, a condition called trisomy 21. Its small size has made it an important chromosome in genetics and medical research.
Key Facts
1.Chromosome 21 has about 48 million base pairs
2.It is the smallest human chromosome by DNA content
3.An extra copy causes trisomy 21, or Down syndrome
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"The tiniest human chromosome has some of the biggest medical importance."