Whose laws of motion explain force?

The relationship between force and motion is described by Isaac Newton three laws of motion, published in his landmark 1687 work often called the Principia. The first law, the law of inertia, states that an object stays at rest or moves at a constant velocity unless acted on by a net force. The second law quantifies force, stating that force equals mass times acceleration, so a greater force produces greater acceleration and heavier objects need more force to accelerate. The third law states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Together these laws explain the motion of everything from falling apples to orbiting planets and remain accurate for everyday speeds and sizes. They form the foundation of classical mechanics, though they are refined by Einstein relativity at very high speeds and by quantum mechanics at very small scales.