Whose famous studies on obedience showed that ordinary people may obey harmful authority?

Stanley Milgram, an American psychologist at Yale University, conducted his obedience experiments in the early 1960s. Participants believed they were delivering increasingly severe electric shocks to another person when instructed by an authority figure. Milgram’s work suggested that many people will obey authority even when they feel uneasy or morally conflicted. The studies became a landmark in social psychology and sparked major ethics debates in research.