Whose research first explained the Hawaiian hotspot chain?

John Tuzo Wilson proposed that some volcanoes are fed by relatively stationary mantle hotspots while tectonic plates move over them. This idea explained the age progression of the Hawaiian Islands, where the youngest volcanoes are at the southeast end near the active hotspot. Wilson's model showed that not all volcanoes form at plate boundaries. It also helped explain seamount chains in the Pacific. The hotspot concept remains a standard part of geology, even though mantle plumes are still studied and debated in detail.