Whose work laid the foundations of psychoanalysis?

Sigmund Freud, an Austrian neurologist, developed psychoanalysis in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He proposed that unconscious motives and early childhood experiences shape behavior. Freud introduced concepts such as the id, ego, and superego, and used techniques like free association and dream interpretation. Although many of his ideas are debated today, his influence on psychology, psychotherapy, and popular culture has been enormous. Freud remains one of the most famous figures in the history of ideas.