How does the strong nuclear force hold atomic nuclei together?
Quick Answer
The strong force binds quarks inside protons and neutrons, and a leftover version binds protons and neutrons inside nuclei. It overcomes the electrical repulsion between protons at very short distances.
The Full Story
The strong interaction is described by quantum chromodynamics, or QCD, and it is carried by gluons. At the nuclear level, a residual strong force acts between protons and neutrons and holds the nucleus together despite proton-proton repulsion. This force works only over about 1 to 2 femtometers, roughly the diameter of a nucleus. Without it, atoms heavier than hydrogen would not exist in stable form. The strong force is one reason matter in the universe can form stable elements, stars, and planets.
Key Facts
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"The force that glues matter together"