How do nuclear forces release energy in the Sun?
Quick Answer
The Sun shines because nuclear fusion combines hydrogen nuclei into helium, releasing energy from the mass difference. In the Sun’s core, temperatures are about 15 million°C.
The Full Story
The Sun produces energy through nuclear fusion, mainly by converting hydrogen into helium in a series of reactions called the proton-proton chain. In the core, immense pressure and temperature let nuclei collide and overcome their electric repulsion. A small amount of mass is converted into energy according to Einstein’s equation E=mc². The Sun’s core temperature is about 15 million°C, and the energy then takes a very long time to reach the surface. This process has powered the Sun for about 4.6 billion years and will continue for billions more.
Key Facts
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"The Sun’s energy engine, explained"
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