How does a kaleidoscope create patterns?
Quick Answer
A kaleidoscope uses angled mirrors inside a tube to reflect loose pieces of coloured glass or beads many times, creating symmetrical patterns that change as you turn it.
The Full Story
The kaleidoscope was invented by the Scottish scientist Sir David Brewster in 1816 and patented in 1817. Inside the tube, two or three long mirrors are arranged at an angle to each other, often 60 degrees. At the far end, a chamber holds loose, colourful objects. Light from these objects bounces repeatedly between the mirrors, producing multiple reflected copies arranged symmetrically around a centre. Turning the tube makes the objects tumble into new positions, so the patterns are virtually never repeated exactly.
Key Facts
YouTube Angle
Suggested video title for this topic:
"Endless patterns from a few pieces of glass — how kaleidoscopes work."