Why does the body make antibodies after vaccination or infection?
Quick Answer
Antibodies are proteins made by B cells that attach to a germ or toxin and help block it, mark it for destruction, or neutralize it. They are a key part of long-term immune defense.
The Full Story
When the immune system encounters a pathogen or vaccine antigen, B cells that recognize it can multiply and turn into plasma cells. These plasma cells produce antibodies, which are specialized proteins shaped to bind the target. Antibodies can neutralize a virus, block a toxin, or tag a microbe so other immune cells destroy it. Some B cells become memory cells, allowing a faster response later. This process is the basis of many vaccines and of immunity after certain infections.
Key Facts
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