Why do earthquakes sometimes cause landslides?

Quick Answer

Shaking loosens slopes that are already steep, fractured, or waterlogged, reducing the force holding the material in place. Gravity then pulls the weakened slope downhill.

The Full Story

An earthquake can destabilize a hillside by shaking loose rocks, reducing soil strength, and opening cracks that let water in. Steeper slopes and areas with soft or weathered rock are especially vulnerable. Landslides may happen during the shaking or minutes later, and they can travel far enough to bury roads, rivers, or entire villages. The 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China triggered massive landslides across mountainous terrain. Earthquake-induced landslides are a major secondary hazard in many seismically active regions.

Key Facts

1.Earthquake shaking can destabilize slopes

2.The 2008 Wenchuan quake triggered major landslides

3.Steep and waterlogged slopes are most vulnerable

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