Why can hummingbirds fly backward?

Hummingbirds have an unusual shoulder joint and wing stroke that allow exceptional maneuverability. Instead of relying on a single simple downstroke, they rotate the wings in a figure-eight pattern that can produce lift and thrust in multiple directions. That lets them hover, move sideways, and even fly backward, which is rare among birds. Flying backward is especially useful when a hummingbird pulls away from a flower after feeding without having to turn around. Their flight mechanics are a major reason these birds are so distinctive.