Where are the elements with atomic numbers above 100 first typically created?

Elements with atomic numbers above 100 are typically created in particle accelerators by colliding heavy nuclei at enormous speeds. Major research centers for superheavy-element work include the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russia, GSI in Darmstadt, Germany, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California. These elements are usually produced one atom at a time and often exist only for fractions of a second. Their discovery helps scientists test nuclear structure and extend the periodic table.