When was the first tsunami scientifically studied?

Tsunamis were noted for centuries, but scientific study expanded in the 19th century after major events like the 1755 Lisbon earthquake and the 1883 Krakatoa eruption. These disasters showed that undersea earthquakes and volcanic explosions could send destructive waves across oceans. By the early 20th century, researchers had begun systematically analyzing tsunami generation and travel. Modern tsunami science was later strengthened by ocean-floor mapping and seismic instrumentation.