When was the first permanent human settlement in Antarctica established?

The first permanent human settlement in Antarctica is generally considered to be Orcadas Base, established in 1904 on Laurie Island in the South Orkney Islands. It began as a meteorological station operated by Argentina. The base has been continuously occupied for more than a century, making it one of the oldest permanently inhabited places in the Antarctic region. Its presence marked an important step in scientific exploration of the continent.