What is the HPV vaccine?
Quick Answer
The HPV vaccine protects against human papillomaviruses that can cause cervical cancer and other cancers. It works best when given before exposure to the virus.
The Full Story
HPV vaccines target high-risk types of human papillomavirus, especially types 16 and 18, which are linked to most cervical cancers. Some formulations also protect against types that cause genital warts and other cancers of the anus, throat, vulva, vagina, and penis. The vaccine was introduced in the mid-2000s and has become a major cancer-prevention tool. Because HPV is spread by skin-to-skin sexual contact, vaccination before exposure provides the strongest protection. Public-health agencies widely recommend vaccination in early adolescence.
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