What is tetanus?
Quick Answer
Tetanus is a serious bacterial disease that causes painful muscle stiffness and spasms. It is caused by a toxin made by Clostridium tetani, often entering the body through a wound.
The Full Story
Tetanus is not spread person to person; instead, the bacteria live in soil, dust, and manure and can infect cuts or puncture wounds. The toxin affects the nervous system and can cause jaw stiffness, arching of the back, and severe spasms. Vaccination with tetanus toxoid is highly effective, but protection wanes over time, so booster doses are recommended. Newborn tetanus was once a major cause of death, but it has been dramatically reduced by maternal vaccination and clean childbirth practices.
Key Facts
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"Why a tiny wound can trigger dangerous whole-body spasms"