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What is a perihelion?

Quick Answer

Perihelion is the point in an object’s orbit when it is closest to the Sun. Earth reaches perihelion in early January each year.

The Full Story

Perihelion is the orbital point nearest the Sun, while aphelion is the farthest point. Because Earth’s orbit is slightly elliptical, Earth comes closest to the Sun around January 3 and farthest around July 4. The distance change is not the main cause of seasons; axial tilt is. Perihelion is an important term in planetary motion, comet orbits and spacecraft navigation.

Key Facts

1.Earth reaches perihelion around January 3
2.Earth’s seasons are caused mainly by axial tilt
3.Aphelion is the opposite point

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Suggested video title for this topic:

"Why Earth is closest to the Sun in winter for the Northern Hemisphere"

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