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What Is the Difference Between a Meteor and a Meteorite?

SpaceGeology

Quick Answer

A meteoroid is a space rock; a meteor is the streak of light it creates in Earth atmosphere; a meteorite is the piece that survives to reach the ground.

The Full Story

Meteoroids are small rocky or metallic bodies (typically from asteroids or comets) orbiting the Sun. When a meteoroid enters Earth atmosphere at high speed (11-72 km/s), friction with air molecules heats its surface to incandescence, producing a bright streak called a meteor (or "shooting star"). Most meteors vaporise completely 80-120 km above the surface. If a fragment survives the fiery passage and lands on Earth, it becomes a meteorite. About 48.5 tonnes of meteoritic material falls on Earth daily, but most is dust-sized. Large meteorites are rare: the Hoba meteorite in Namibia (60 tonnes) is the largest single meteorite ever found.

Key Facts

1.Earth is struck by about 17 small meteorites per day that are large enough to reach the ground.
2.The Chicxulub impactor that killed the dinosaurs was about 10-15 km in diameter — technically an asteroid, not a meteoroid.
3.Meteor showers (like the Perseids) occur when Earth passes through a trail of debris left by a comet.

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Suggested video title for this topic:

"Meteoroid, Meteor, Meteorite — What Is the Difference?"