Electrochemistry

Electrolysis uses electricity to split water into hydrogen and oxygen gases. Pure water conducts poorly, so an electrolyte is usually added to help the current flow.

Electric current forces water molecules to break apart into hydrogen and oxygen at separate electrodes. The overall reaction is 2H2O turning into 2H2 and O2.

Batteries convert chemical energy into electrical energy through redox reactions. Electrons flow through an external circuit while ions move inside the battery to balance charge.