How do vaccines work against bacterial diseases like tetanus and diphtheria?
Quick Answer
These vaccines teach the immune system to neutralize the toxins made by bacteria. They prevent the damage caused by the toxin rather than killing the bacteria directly.
The Full Story
Tetanus and diphtheria are serious diseases caused mainly by toxins produced by bacteria. The tetanus vaccine uses a toxoid, which is a chemically inactivated form of the toxin that can no longer cause disease but still triggers immunity. Diphtheria vaccines work in a similar way. Because the protection can fade over time, booster doses are recommended throughout life. These vaccines are commonly combined with pertussis protection in childhood and adult booster formulations.
Key Facts
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